AIL.HA L'Air Liquide S.A.

Hanover Exchange
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177.32 EUR
Close of Oct 29, 2026
138.50 180.32
Market cap
EUR 73.0B
P/E
32.3x
P/B
4.19x
ROE
13.4%
Dividend yield
2.68%
Fundamental score
2.9/5

Ratios use the latest price and the fiscal year ending Dec 2025.

Is AIL.HA undervalued?

Graham number
Price177.32
Graham value72.34
Premium145.1%

AIL.HA trades 145.1% above its Graham number.

Graham number = √(22.5 × EPS × book value per share): the most a defensive investor should pay according to Benjamin Graham. An estimate, not a recommendation to buy or sell. How is it calculated?

L'Air Liquide S.A. fundamental analysis

14 of 22 checks passed

ROE 1/2

Moderate return on equity (13.4%), between 10% and 20%.

ROA 1/1

Return on assets (6.8%) is above the industry median (4.9%).

Profit Consistency 2/2

Profitable for 8 consecutive years.

Earnings Growth 5Y 1/1

Earnings per share grew over the past 5 years.

Earnings Acceleration 1/1

Last year's EPS growth (6.1%) is above the 5-year average (3.4% a year).

Earnings Growth vs Industry 0/1

Last year's EPS growth (6.1%) is below the industry median (17.2%).

Revenue Growth 0/2

Revenue shrank 3.5% a year over the past 3 years.

Short-term Liquidity 1/1

Current assets cover short-term liabilities.

Long-term Liabilities 0/1

Current assets do not cover long-term liabilities.

Debt to Equity 2/2

Low debt to equity (38.1%), 40% or less.

Debt Trend 1/1

Debt to equity has not risen over the past 5 years.

Debt Coverage 1/1

Operating cash flow covers 20% of total debt.

Interest Coverage 1/1

EBIT is 60.0x against interest expense, well covered.

PE vs Market 0/1

PE (32.3x) is above the market median (19.6x).

PE vs Industry 0/1

PE (32.3x) is above the industry median (21.4x).

PBV 0/1

Price to book (4.2x) is above the industry median (2.6x).

Graham Number 0/1

The price is above the Graham number (PE x PB = 135.2, limit 22.5).

PEG 0/1

PEG on 5-year earnings growth is 9.58, above 1.

Dividend Yield 1/2

Dividend yield (2.7%) is above the bottom 25% of dividend payers in the market.

Dividend Stability 1/2

Dividends paid without a cut of more than 10% for 8 years.

Dividend Growth 1/1

Dividends paid grew over the past 5 years.

Payout Ratio 1/1

Payout ratio is 55.6%, covered by earnings.

Each check is worth 1 or 2 points by how much it says about the quality of the company. The score is the share of points earned, out of 5. Ask AI to explain this score

L'Air Liquide S.A. stock price

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